The Bible records that Jesus taught in synagogues, including the one in Capernaum. (See photo.)
But there are no synagogues in the Hebrew Scriptures—in the Old Testament.
Why is that?
Because the Jews of the Old Testament worshipped at the temple.
No synagogues—just the temple in Jerusalem first constructed by King Solomon in the 19th century B.C. and then reconstructed after the Babylonian destruction in 586 B.C.
The events of the Old Testament come to an end around 400 B.C., and then there is a gap of four centuries when the New Testament accounts begin with the birth of Jesus around 4 B.C.
This gap between the Old and New Testaments is called the Intertestamental Period.
It is during this period that the first synagogues came into use, and of course the synagogue as a center of Jewish meeting, teaching and worship continued into Jesus’ time and even later.
More here: https://a.co/d/00ntahhS